THE BIG SLEEP

1946

The author is Raymond Chandler – hard boiled detective story writer who wrote Murder My Sweet and remade as Farewell My Lovely in 1975, Double Indemnity, Lady in the Lake. etc.

There is a remake of this film in 1978, but this film was reshot before it was released. Copies of both versions exist, although the original never had theaterical release.

Lauren Bacall, who stars in this film made the following films early in her career.

1944 To Have and To Have Not

1945 Confidential Agent

1946 The Big Sleep

One of its problems is its complex narrative.

Think about the way the story is structured.

Some film analysts like to distinguish plot from, story or in effect the actual way the events would have occurred from the way they are presented in the film.

Actual event: A B C D

Film event: B A D C

Unlike Memento which is the most complicated film in this respect, Big SLeep has a completely linear order - so why is it so hard to follow? This story is complicated by the narrative, but it is not because of its juxtapositions the way Memento is.

Gender issues

How are men and women depicted in the film? Kind of editing

Narrative structure: Things go on simultaneously in the real world in more than one place. Who knows what info and when does the audience find out about it?

AFTER THE FILM

Narrative Structure

In what ways is the narrative complex?

Does it keep a linear structure? Yes.
Is the information revealed in a linear manner? No. We find out things later in the film.
Is this common in a detective story? Yes, sometimes. The audience finds out at the same time the detective does.
The problem is in part the large number of characters, some of whom seem initally important, but then vanish from the story (e.g. the woman selling books across the street from Geiger's book store), while others who are important appear only in short scenes and are hard to remember when they "reappear" - often as information (e.g. the chauffeur).

Does this linear structure give the film a kind of realism that non linear structure would not? Dialog

Dialog is similar to that of other Chandler films (see above). Usually fast paced, wisecracking ("She tried to sit in my lap while I was standing up") with its own unique rhythms.

Gender

How are women presented in the film? Sexually aggressive (predatory?), worldly, cynical. Men seem less interested in sex than the women. Sternwood says he dislikes orchids because their flesh is too much like human flesh. Is this a reversal of roles for most films? What does it say abuot oppresion of women in the 40's when the film was made?

Women and city are dangerous (both STernwood women are aggressive and demanding. City is full of danger. Marlowe is beaten up in ally (but also in country), Harry Jones (Eiisha Cook Jr) is killed in the office. He ran liquor (in city presumably).

Film work

High contrast photography typical of noir films.

Where the camera placed?

Glamour photography is used to make Bacall more "glamorous". What are the techniques of glamour photography )close-ups, lighting, etc.). Check the scenes where sahe deals with Marlowe when he is talking to Mrs. Mars.

Changes from the earlier version

Bacall had bad reviews for the film Confidential Agent. Big Sleep had been held up because the war (WWII) had ended and the studio was anxious to release its backlog of war movies. They felt a detective film didn't ned to be hurried. (There are minor references to rationing of food - especially meat, and gasoline).

As a result, to restore Bacall's career, the reshot scenes for the film nearly a year later. THese were done to add some of the qualities about her audiences had liked in her first film, To Have and Have Not