Battleship Potemkin


Sergei Eisenstein
1926

Other significant films by Eisenstein are Strike (1925), October (The Ten Days that Shook the World) and The General Line all largely considered a kind of "propaganda film",

Basically a writer, Eisenstein wrote theoretically about films and made his films based on his theories. He is known for his odd camera angles and his crowd scenes, but perhaps is most famous for his theoretical writings on the concept of "montage"

Eisenstein write about montage as coming in several forms:

1. Metric: in which each shot had a specific number of frames
2. Rhythmic: in which the editing is based on continuity
3. Tonal: in which th connection is one of emotional continuity in which the image evokes and emotional response. [
4. Overtonal or associational: in which the montage is the building up of the first three types and has a more abstract and complicated effect on the audience.
5. Intellectual: in which shots are combined to give intellectual meaning

Eisenstein's films are close to being what might today be called docudramas. Compare them with Flahrty's documentaries.

Eisenstein did not invent these kinds of edits, but discussed them in his writings and used them quite consciously in his films. Kuleshov and Pudovkin did many experiments in the late 1910's and early 20's indicating the ways in which shots had an impact on the audience based in part by their proximity to neighboring shots. These included the showing of the same shot of the face if popular Russian actor Ivan Mosjoukine intercut with different scenes and causing the audience to perceive differences in his facial expressions, which they attributed to his acting skills. In fact it was the same footage of his face in all cases. The audience reinterpreted his expression based on what they saw in the shots which proceeded. (a bowl of soup, a girl in a casket, a woman on a sofa)